Mark Hertling: What My Oath Means

Welcome to the Bullework Podcast. I’m Charlie Sykes. It is February seven two thousand twenty three. And if you listen to the media, all eyes are going to be on the state of the union address later today? Not really.

I I confess in my newsletter this morning that I am a little bit jaded about state of the union addresses I’ve watched to many of them. I’m so I’m underwhelmed by like, I’m sure that Joe Biden is gonna do a a fine job, workmen like job, you know, walk through a lot of substance, take some victory laps, you know, maybe take some shots at some of the crazier Republican policies. But to the extent there’s going to be any drama, it’s probably going to be the reaction of the performative house majority to the the address. And so we will devote a lot of time to talking about that tomorrow. And over the next couple of days, today, I wanted to do something very very different.

And we are very fortunate to welcome back on the podcast retired general Mark Hurtling. Mark, as you know, is a retired lieutenant general as a former commanding general of the US Army, Europe and the seventh army. He has also commanded the army’s first armor division and he’s now a military analyst for CNN, general Hartley, and thank you for coming back on the podcast.

Charlie, it is always a pleasure to be with you, especially with some of the more crazy stories that are going on right now as well as some of the important ones surrounding Ukraine and and the state of our

democracy. I wanna talk to you about several things. I wanna talk to you about Ukraine and particularly about the tanks that we’re sending to Ukraine and the the Russian offensive that seems to be shaping up. I also wanna talk to you about a slightly more cosmic issue. Just what you see as the danger to society of authoritarianism and then how is a retired soldier, you look at that oathable office.

So we wanna get to that. But obviously, we need to start with some of the breaking news about the balloon. And I don’t know where you wanna start there, you know, how it was handled. And of course, this rather ordinary story and we’re now realizing how large it was. I think it’s really interesting that the thing is, like, two hundred feet tall and, you know, carried equipment that measured the size of a regional jet.

Right. And now we’re finding out that there had been previous incursions that apparently we did not detect. So and really wanted to get your take on this. How can the Chinese have balloons in US aerospace and are military not know about it?

You know, the the first thing, Charlie, I’d point out, just from a comic relief standpoint, is now we’re seeing various media outlets compare the balloon to the Snoopy balloon and the Thanksgiving Day Boys. I love it. And it’s it’s like okay. Let how much Celir can we make this? But going back to your question, how can we not detect it?

I don’t know. They provide a radar signature, but they are slow moving. And when you’re talking about defending the boundaries of both the United States and Canada, which is a job for NORAD, the North American Aerospace Defense Command, They’re focused on ballistic missiles and bombers and things like that. So when you’re talking about even something with a big signature, it is very slow moving, and it can literally come underneath the radar, if you will, of some of the kinds of things that NORAD normally looks for. Because they are looking for a high threat activity.

Like I said, nuclear weapons or bombers coming into our territory. So maybe it was just one of those things they weren’t focused on. I am not a norad kind of guy. I never been assigned there. I never been assigned to aerospace defense.

So I just don’t know. But I I think it’s fascinating that they will readily admit that this has happened in the past. And as importantly, it’s an attempt by China. To test our defensive mechanisms. So I think that’s an important element of this.

What

is China learned by test our defense mechanisms. Obviously, they realized that if you fly it over Montana, you float it over Montana, we’re going to see it and we’re eventually going to shoot it down. But if there were five previous incursions and we didn’t know about it, have they probed? Have they discovered some sort of a vulnerability?

The previous incursions from what I’m understanding were actually noticed by the intelligence community, not as much by Nora. I don’t know if that’s right or wrong. That’s conjecture on my part. But the intelligence community has been watching, and they know that China has a fleet of these kinds of intelligence collection balloons. Which by the way, Charlie, so do we we’ve got something called an AeroStat And if you’re ever traveling on the roads in Arizona or southern New Mexico, you will find Eurostats you know, tied close to the border to watch immigrants come across and get some intelligence on that.

And I used six of them in Northern Iraq when I was there in two thousand and seven and eight, we have them over some of our forward operating basis just to detect movement of insurgents as well as strikes from rockets and mortars. So it’s not like this is something that’s unusual. A lot of countries use it. There’s a long history behind it, but it goes back to your original question, do we have a dearth of intelligence collection from our air defense capability with these balloons coming in. And, you know, the commander Nora had said,

yes, we do. So we’re gonna be watching it much closer. So when you were on CNN, you pointed out that China is probably looking at a number of things, including, you know, what techniques were using, you know, military tracking, how it is communicating about the craft. But that they are also watching how the country respond or what kind of divisions there are inside the government, the way the Congress is reacting to Joe Biden, how American reacted generally. So — Right.

— from the Chinese point of view, what are

they saying? I think the initial requirement or attempt is to gather electronic intelligence. Let’s address that issue first. And as I said on CNN yesterday, I think it was as a former cavalryman, you know, I was a reconnaissance guy, an armor guy during my career in the military. And I learned early on through training and operations that when you’re doing reconnaissance, it’s really important to do counter reconnaissance.

And a smart the counter Reconnaissance person, like a Calrman, spends a lot of time observing, reporting, and analyzing. And in fact, there’s a saying in the army that cavalrymen do not ever, if they’re doing their job right, fire the first shot. They let the enemy come into their territory, see what the intent is, see what kinds of things are going on, and try and collect intelligence on an enemy formation. And I think that’s what we were doing on this. And in fact, now I know talking to some of my contacts in in government and in the military, when this balloon was going over our territory, when it was, in fact, noticed by NORAD and seen coming across the Bering Sea and then into the Allotian Island chain, then into Canada, by the way, it was in Canada for a very long time.

And then finally into the northern part of the United States — Mhmm. — a combined force of both the Canadian and American portions of NORAD were tracking it. And seeing exactly what the hell is this thing doing. And they put some counter jamming capability or counter electronic capability on this device — Mhmm. — as it proceeded across the country.

Now I can’t go into the details of the reconnaissance. But when you’re talking about things that I do know about, because I’ve used them in combat, an airplane called Ribbon joint p eight, something called Combat Sent, even U-2s, the old U-two spy planes that we have transformed into a different kind of listening device and intelligence collection device that balloon was more than likely surrounded by those kind of aircraft the entire time it was in US airspace. And we probably got more information from it than the Chinese did. And in fact, the commander of Norad said that this morning. So you don’t wanna shoot something down when you’re collecting intelligence from it because it’s giving you information.

I think that was the value of actually tracking across the United States. It was not collecting on any of our bases as some people are currently claiming. Because it was jams spoofed and and we were getting a whole lot more intelligence. But going back to your original question, what can the Chinese government learn from this? It can learn about our processes.

You know, when the president calls a meeting of his advisors and gets some intelligence feed, you know, a rash actor would immediately say, shoot it down. Can you imagine if that balloon had been shot down on the first day it was observed? And the Chinese still could have claimed it was a weather balloon, even though we had the information, it would seem to me. And I know I’m part of the let it go cult. As opposed to shoot it down right now, Culp.

It seems to me, if we had shot it down, it would have become a much greater international incident and we would not have gained intelligence from that device that we currently have now and can stop future ones. And in fact, we’re feeding some of that intelligence to countries in Latin America and South America where the second balloon is going? Well, the thing about the balloon

theater was that it was sub incentive. I mean, there’s real issues involved in terms of our relations with China, but also there was just the pure silliness of it. And you’ve — Yeah. — you you’ve dealt with this in the past, all of the you know, politicians and laypeople who suddenly become experts on things military, but that was really quite a series of vignettes watching members of Congress actually pose hand guns and rifles talking about shooting it down.

I can address that. And and I think we’re probably gonna talk about that later on. The performance theater — Mhmm. — when we’re talking about important issues of national defense or the politics of the nation. The performance theater that seemed to be exhibited by some, to me is not only unprofessional, but it’s exceedingly immature.

Charlie, you know, during my time in the military, I had to testify before Congress on several occasions. And there were always one or two that, you know, that The guys have prepared the military commanders to testify. We’d say, hey, congressman Smith or, you know, senator Jones are gonna hit you up with these kind of things. And my immediate reaction was, oh, that’s really silly, but that’s what they were interested in. Now it seems like we have an entire cubby of these individuals.

Yeah. Who are doing things? And to include former administration officials like the Secretary of State — Mhmm. — who’s posing with a gun shooting up into the year, it’s unbecoming of their rank and their office and their duties to the nation. That’s what bothered me about this whole thing.

To this

end, there’s any good news at all. There were early reports that the Republicans were gonna pass a resolution condemning Biden over his response before the state of the union. Apparently, they backed off on that, and they’re gonna have a resolution that will just target the Chinese. But it was interesting how that narrative that this showed how Biden was weak and that we were being humiliated, was being pushed out. I wanted to get your take on this.

It was seemed to me. This is a huge embarrassment to the Chinese. They cannot be looking at this as a success. No,

absolutely. That that is absolutely true. And going to those who wanted to condemn the president on this, I think they would have been embarrassed. The original plan, as I understood it, was the brief a gang of eight and others in congress today before the state of a union — Mhmm. — would that have quieted them and caused them to be more embarrassed?

But I gotta tell you, when I speak on CNN, just like when you speak on MSNBC, we base our conversations on things we’ve experienced in the past. I’ve been in these kind of meetings where decision cycles are part of the game and how you kind of take all input from the various experts. I wasn’t in this one. You know, I wasn’t in the Oval Office when they were discussing what to do with the balloons, but I kinda know sort of what went on without having detailed intelligence. And what I would say is when it’s brief to members of congress, they’re gonna find out three things.

Number one, the president probably did the right thing at the right time throughout the travels of this balloon. It gave the military and the intelligence community the ability to learn more about this device. We also, by the way, put in place the OpenSky’s protocol, and we’re able to practice that as this balloon went across our airspace. But finally, as you just said, this has got to be embarrassing to the Chinese. Because it it was so clumsy.

And China has proven themselves to be clumsy in intelligence collection in the past. As well. I said

this on the podcast yesterday. All you need to do is a thought experiment. Imagine it was the other way around, and Joe Biden had sent a giant balloon over China, the Chinese to scrubbed it and then shot it down in in the view of the whole world. Yep. We would think of that as one of the great humiliations, just an embarrassing moment for the US government.

And many of the same people that are criticizing Biden if if it had been the other way around, would have seen this as just a massive American defeat that seems to have been a a massive red face for for China, which had reportedly wanted to engage in some kind of a charm offensive. I mean, whether you think that they are trying to mislead us by being charming falsely or that they are trying to bully us and intimidate us with their massive military might. This does neither.

No. It certainly does not. You know, and I’ve been to China a couple times. I’ve seen their military and exercises and training events. And they have a very large military.

It’s very capable. Don’t get me wrong, but this is an embarrassment. And those on our side, members of our team that played into this. You know, there’s an old expression in the army that sometimes the right approach is ready aim fire, but sometimes you have people that are ready fire aim. Yeah.

And this one seems to be in many cases a fire ready aim approach. There’s prudence that’s required in government decision making And we certainly saw both sides of that, the good and the bad over the last week. Conspiracy theories. Paranormal, UFO’s. During the entire nineteen seventy one debacle of this red die number two, parents all around America were buying Frank and Berry, so only a few days after the cereal was released, kids all across the country.

Started being rushed to hospitals. All of them had one symptom in common.

Theories

of the third kind on YouTube or wherever you

listen.

Alright. I

wanna just pause and take a breath and changed subjects a little bit. I wanna get to what’s happening in Ukraine, which I find to be very, very ominous that things seem to be coming to a head. But I know you have been given a lot of thought. To the threat to our society of authoritarianism — Yeah. — the threat posed by people like Steve Bannon and as an old soldier, what’s your oath really mean?

So let’s talk about that. And what you are seeing and thinking that is concerning you right now. Yeah.

When I was the commander of US Army Europe, I had a chance to visit most of the forty nine countries that are in the European footprint that were part of my area of operations. You know, beyond the doing of the duties that I had to do going to the embassies and working with the militaries of our partners, whenever I was with a group of allied or partner soldiers, I would ask the question, what are you swearing off to? And I would get kind of interesting responses like, oh, well, we where in the oath to the president or the motherland or the fatherland or the king or the queen whatever happened. In in Israel, For example, they they swear an oath to put themselves between the people and the sea, which is kind of a unique oath when they take the oaths of office. But the reason I did that is because I wanted to find out what other militaries see as important.

What we do, we swear and oath I mean, I can recite it. It’s by memory. I, Mark Hurland, do solemnly swear that I was important to defend the constitution in the United States against all enemies foreign and domestic. I will bear truth faith in allegiance to the same. I take this obligation willingly and without any mental reservation or purpose of evasion, and I will will and faithful execute the duties of the office upon which I’m about to enter.

Now, that oath was developed or parts of that oath was developed by George Washington. And what’s interesting to me is that’s not only the oath of an officer in the military. The oath for the enlisted is slightly different, but it’s also the oath of all members of our government. Senators, congressmen, presidents, cabinet heads. It’s the same oath with maybe just a little bit of change.

But the uniqueness of it is we swear, while others swear to defend a king or a motherland, we swear to defend a piece of paper, the constitution. That’s ideas, values, the kinds of things that are our cultural norms from a country that’s just over two hundred and fifty years old. And to me, that’s that’s pretty beautiful. The difference in that is if you are committing to that piece of paper, and those values and ideals. You’re also committing to things like the great speeches of our society that have advanced us forward, things like FDR’s for freedoms, or Martin Luther King’s, I have a dream are Lincoln’s inaugural address or Kennedy’s inauguration.

And I could name many, many more, but things like respect for one another moving the nation forward, having the stability toward one another, having an understanding that our desire is to form that proverbial more perfect union. Mhmm. And we don’t often get it right, but that is the intent is to continue to try and form a more perfect union where everyone has a voice. The rise of authoritarianism challenges that. Across the board.

The rise of the crazies who only want one side and it’s their side to win to me is is dangerous for our nation. And for those who are less informed on government or the makings of national security, It not only causes a little bit of an aberration, but it also causes wackos to come to the forefront. I

mean,

on the news last night, we learned about the couple in Maryland who’s trying

to get the United

States, Baltimore. I mean, that’s the extreme of anarchy. That’s extreme form of anarchy. So that’s why I think from a military perspective, I’m scared of death of authoritarianism. Is the threat external or internal?

Absolutely both. Our foes on the world stage see our democracy as a way to negatively influence our society. Those on the inside, the so called sarcastic terrorist, are seeing their ability to get their way and only their way. We’re going back to the beauty of our country. I mean, I’m I’ve always been an independent in terms of my political lean because I really believe that the Republicans and the Democrats, the two party system, bring the best of ideas forward in a very balanced way for the majority of Americans, but we’ve lost that.

It’s now become a power struggle on both sides. More so on, higher than the other. So let

me ask that same question with with a slightly different focus from the point of view of the military. Is this threat external or internal? What is it about the specific role of the military? And you as an old soldier that concerns you about domestic authoritarianism? I’m

concerned primarily and secretary Austin who who by the way is a West Point Class Made and a very good friend of mine and was my boss on two occasions in combat, understands what others in the past have understood that there are challenges inside the military from those who believe in this kind of stuff. And there’s a lot on TV where you see the January sixth as an example. There is a great deal of emphasis on the number of security forces or military forces that took part in that demonstration in an attempt to overthrow the government. Mhmm. Now I don’t know why it’s more focused on the military and security forces than others, but it tells me that inside of our ranks, we have individuals who believe this.

And when you think that for a second, it’s scary, but then, you know, what I would say as a former military guys, of course, we do. Why wouldn’t we have these kind of people inside of our ranks? Because we draw from the society — Mhmm. — armies have always drawn from the society they serve So if there is this divisiveness within our society, you’re, of course, gonna get recruited soldiers in basic training who have some very weird ideas about the role of government until we start teaching them about their duty to the constitution. But even our instruction and our training on taking the oath.

And then taking the oath, isn’t

gonna

change eighteen years of what has happened in their home life and in their community before they join the military. So it is an insider issue, an insider challenge that I think the military is attempting to address But, Charlie, the the hard part is, how do you address it when the society you’re drawing from continues? When does it have this

to visit? And we’re also getting a much clearer picture of what the leaders of the US military had to put up with in twenty twenty and twenty twenty one and how they drew these rather significant lines, you had the president of the United States, the commander in chief pushing them, why can’t you shoot protesters using the military against demonstrators. Then, of course, after the election, the fact that you had all of these former secretaries of state, that had to sign a letter saying the military has no role in our elections. Clearly, you hear from Mark Esper, you know, his concerns about what he might be asked to do or Mark Milley, the chairman of the joint chiefs of of staff. This really tested the military civilian relationship in a way I’m trying to think of an historical parallel to this because we can talk about this in terms of theory, but they all had to confront the possibility that the commander in chief might tell them, order them, ask them to do something that violated that oath of office.

Yeah. But

we’ve had this in our history, though. When? In the eighteen fifties and eighteen fifties. I mean, there’s there’s a great book that I have on my shop behind me that talks about the class of brothers at West Point, the Military Academy, where some went north and some went south. My all time favorite civil war character, John Beaufort, who was a cavalryman at the Valley of Gettysburg, and he was from Kentucky.

He had a brother that went on the southern side, he went on the northern side, and when he was drinking bourbon, the day that Fort Sumter was attacked he was asked by his commander John, which which side are you going from? And he goes, well, I just got a letter from the from the governor of Kentucky. He was a captain at the time out west in California. And he said I just got a letter from the governor of Kentucky offering me a colonelcy in the Kentucky militia. His friend said, are you gonna take it?

And he goes, I’d rather be a private in the union army defending my constitution. Than taking a currency in the Kentucky militia. So these kinds of things have happened before. I’m gonna tell another story. I know both Walt Hyatt whose names probably were unfamiliar to you, and also Charlie Flynn, the brother of Mike Flynn.

Yeah. Two great soldiers. Really good soldiers. She spent a career defending the country. And they’ve been pilloried for being in the meeting for on January sixth, not sending national guard troops to the capital.

And the sound bite is them saying we don’t want to portray the military as taking sides because they had been under the pressure from president Trump to continue to put active duty military on the streets so that he could foment an insurrection and call out the insurrection act. So these are two really smart generals who were put in very bad positions and had to make the call as to whether or not to to deploy US forces in the streets of the capital, and they didn’t do it. And they have been pilloried for it. And in fact, one of them has resigned from the military Whereas, I don’t agree with what happened that day. I can understand why they did what they did.

They were trying to defend the institution and not put

it in harm’s way being used by mister Trump in a illegal manner. Well, these kinds of hard decisions. I’m listening to this these kinds of hard decisions could really become really an integral part of the job going forward because anyone in a senior military role might be faced with the possibility of sitting in the Oval Office of the Situation Room where a president of the United States ask them to do something that they believe is illegal or that violates their oath of office. Right. And I guess here’s the question, the the clarification because There is a school of thought that says, you’re in the military, you salute, you follow orders.

The commander in chief is the ultimate authority. You cannot have members of the military, second guessing. Civilian authority. But there are times when a general, an admiral is going to have to say no to the president. What would those circumstances, what would that be like for Mark Miller to say, I am sorry, sir.

I am not going to carry out that

order. When it’s illegal, when it’s an illegal or When you rise to the senior ranks of the military, you always, when you’re given a course of action or a military operation to execute, there is a legal review by your staff’s, the FTO Javicant. Mhmm. So, no, they had that in spades as the chairman of the joint chiefs. And, by the way, technically, and this is being discussed in military schools today, Mark Milley, who has been pilloried as well, when he took the orders of vice president Pence, instead of the president on January sixth, he was doing something outside of his realm of authority as a military commander is the chairman of the joint chiefs your bosses are the secretary of defense and the president.

The vice president is nowhere in your chain of command. So taking that order from the vice president on January sixth, was it smart? Yeah, absolutely. He did the right thing. Was it illegal?

Yeah. A little bit.

A little bit. So let’s plant this scenario, and this is a little disturbing, but okay. So you’re sitting around with the generals the president, whoever it is, maybe it’s Trump two point o, orders the general to do something that he believes to be illegal, to president Ben looks around the room and says, okay, you’re fired. You’ll remove your lead of duty. Who in this room will follow my order?

Wouldn’t they just simply like a domino effect go down the list to find someone in that room or in that chain of command? Who will? Follow the order. And is there any check on that? There is a check on that.

And again, it’s the

lawyer saying this is an illegal order. And by the way, you know, for those deeply entrenched in the history of January six, remember before January six, Mark Millius, the chairman, got all of his joint chiefs together from the various services and said, hey, some crazy things are going on. We all got to hang together on this. Oh, there’s some implied intent in that statement. Debt is an extraordinary moment, isn’t it?

From a military perspective, Charlie, it really is. The good news is that our young captains and majors and colonels right now are in their war colleges and their command and staff colleges studying this kind of stuff. Interesting. What do you do now, lieutenant? I mean, we used to have a magazine in in the armor branch where the last page had tough conundrum for a young lieutenant of tanks, an armed lieutenant to solve.

And the bottom line would always be, what do you do now, lieutenant, after this problem set was And it would be something you would discuss around the water cooler, I’m dating myself saying that, you would discuss in Starbucks or whatever. But today, that’s what do you do now? Colonel, what do you do now? General. Mhmm.

And there are those ethical conundrums that from the standpoint of non partisan military force. You have to be prepared. And by the way, I have to say that I’ve been attacked because of my time on CNN, when asked questions about military operations, what I have said is what I know from a military perspective. But there are some on the right or the left who will then say, hurtling is just a partisan guy or he’s an Obama general or he hates Trump or whatever. No.

No. No. Everything that I do as a military analyst is based on what I know from my experience in the military, but also my understanding of the nonpartisan requirements of the military. Let’s talk about

what’s going on with Ukraine because I know you’ve been following with this carefully. Mondays, New York Times reports, Russian assaults are intensifying in the east Russian forces attack dozens of Ukrainian positions across the eastern front as Moscow assaults widen and intensify ahead of what Keith has worn could be the Kremlin’s largest offensive since the first week of the war. And of course, a lot of these attacks are around Bakmuth as the Russians try to break that city. So you’ll take right now because there are a lot of ominous signs that the Russians are just prepared to throw hundreds of thousands of their troops into this meat grinder. What’s going to happen?

How grim is the situation at the moment? I think

the late winter, early spring is going to be very difficult. You’re likely going to see some Russian advances, but they’re gonna be very small as they throw more meat into the meat grinder. There have been some incredibly difficult battles both in the Don Boss. As you mentioned, Doc Moet is one of them. There are several others, but also in the southern area in the eastern side of her son province and in zaparicia.

The last couple of months, some might call it a stalemate. I would certainly not call it that. There have been some just unbelievably intense battles on all fronts. But in the north, in the Don Boss or rather in the east, in the Don Boss, as you said near Bockmut and some of the other cities, there has been a steady flow of Russian and I hesitate to call them soldiers, but Russian fighters thrown into the forefront. And Ukraine has been very adept at countering and providing a defense in those actions.

But as I’ve said before many times, quantity has a quality all of its own. You can overwhelm that, Tim. You can overwhelm that. And that’s what the Russians because they don’t put as much emphasis on safeguarding and caring for their soldiers. It’s just been a meat grinder.

That’s the best way to do it. So in the Don Boss, the intent by the Ukrainian forces is to not give up any more ground. Hold the ground. The intent by the Russians, specifically the Wagner Group, is to inch their way forward as much as they can. They have not been extremely successful in doing that because it’s not a stalemate.

It’s a slugfest. And what you have is both sides trying to get to the point where Russia is incorporating their newly mobilized soldiers, which are poorly trained and poorly led. While Ukraine towards all those with what they have right now, which is a lot of artillery, but continues to wait for incorporation of myriad tactical weapons into a combined arms capability where they can

do lots of operations. Well, that’s what I wanted to ask you about. This seems like it’s kind of a race against time before all of the tanks arrive, all of the armor arrive. What is the timeline there? How long will it take for us to get that kind of equipment to the lines?

To give you Canadians what they need the Russians, seem to have made the calculation. Okay. The tanks are coming. We need to win before they get here. We need to advance.

So how is that race working out. Yeah. I

don’t think their the Russians would say they need to win the race before the tanks get their I think the Russians are saying they just can’t give up anything because the Russians in the past and past conflicts have always looked for that frozen conflict at the end where they can bite off a piece and hold on to it. You know, they’ve done that in Transnistria and Urgonikar Bakk in Georgia and in South A City and Opkazia. So they want a piece of Ukraine because they couldn’t get all of it. And they can come back later and try and get all of it. But in the meantime, they want their decisive victory right now is holding on to terrain and perhaps advancing a little bit more.

They also know, by the way, that Ukraine and their supporters are in a very delicate situation. And the last Ramstein conference that secretary Austin held broke through on some things. Tanks primarily. That’s what everyone was focused on. More air defense.

Ukraine though is also building the capability to conduct additional mobile attacks using some other combat vehicles they’ve been given. So whereas tanks would be great for a combined arms team, I actually believe Ukraine is probably gonna have an offensive with probably some of their old t seventy two tanks and maybe some of the newly arrived leopards that they’re training on right now. I think in Estonia, they’re doing it at a training area there. So they will incorporate some, but they won’t have the full force of a transformed army. What I predict will happen is in the late winter, the next month or two, you’re gonna see continued slugfest with slight advances in some areas by the Russians, but no tactical defeat.

Of the Ukrainians. I think in the early spring and into the summer, you will see the capability of the Ukrainian forces expanding them conducting smaller counteroffences in some areas. And, you know, it will be a better spring and summer than it will be winter. Two things concerning. First, is any potential Belarusian front opening.

And what I mean by that is not so much the Belarusian army. I don’t think that’s gonna happen, but another attack by Russian forces using the launching pad of Belarus toward keve and the northern part of the country because that is gonna cause the Ukrainians to look in another direction. Both sides are fatigued on the front lines. And if there’s another front that’s opened in the north or even the threat of another front, that’s opened in the north that could pull off Ukrainian forces from the frontline and weaken their defenses there. In addition to that, there’s also the wildcard of any Russian naval action in the Black and Azoff Sea with naval infantry.

Naval infantry is what they call their marines, another potential amphibious assault in Odessa do I think either one of that northern or southern attack is gonna happen? I don’t. But the threat of it required Ukraine to pull off territorial defense forces in some of their army to protect against another threat. So those are the kind of moves that I’m watching to see what might happen. But the other thing that just really bothers me is Russia has not been successful in mobilization of their forces.

They have not trained their hundreds of thousands of new soldiers as well. They are gonna just be more meat for the meat grinder. But there is still the missile and and rocket attacks on Ukrainian cities that are gonna continue to kill Ukrainian citizens. Mhmm. And the final thing I’m very concerned about is the continued stalled word actions by the west in the United States in continuing to support this fight for democracy.

Lieutenant general Mark Hurling’s former commanding general of the US Army, Europe, and the Seventh Army’s also commanded the army’s first armored division. General Hurling, thank you so much for coming back on the podcast today.

And it’s a pleasure to be

with you, Charlie. As always, you ask great questions. Thank you. And thank you all for listening to today’s Bulwark podcast. I’m Charlie Sykes.

We will be back tomorrow We’ll do this

all over again. The Bulwark podcast is produced

by Katie Cooper, and engineered and edited by Jason Brown. Former Navy

SEAL Sean Ryan shares real stories from real people, from hall walk of life on the Sean Ryan show. This

one’s about my friend call sign ninja. So

there was all these things that I wanted to do in army. He’s like, this is it. An army do roads and air fields, and they say, well, they can test and see where you fall. I was like, yeah. But if I could do that and all this stuff too, drive tanks chimeta planes.

Do you guys have a sampler platter? The Sean Ryan Show. On YouTube or wherever you listen.